Earlier we had generated code from WSDL as an Apex class containing the methods that can be invoked for calling the Web service. As we are aware that to deploy or package this Apex class, 75% of the code must have test coverage, including the methods in the generated class.
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While writing the test coverage we came to know that by default, test methods don’t support Web service callouts and tests that perform Web service callouts are skipped. To avoid tests from being skipped Apex provides the built-in WebServiceMock interface and the Test.setMock method that one can use to receive fake responses in a test method.
When we generate an Apex class from a WSDL, the methods call WebServiceCallout.invoke to perform the callout to the external web service. Now while testing we need to instruct the Apex runtime to generate a fake response whenever WebServiceCallout.invoke is called.
For this, we implement the WebServiceMock interface and specify a fake response that the Apex runtime should send. Following is a simple example that will give an idea on how we can test the web service callouts-
- Create the class which implements WebServiceMock interface. This implements the doInvoke method, which returns the response we want. In this case, the response element of the auto-generated class is created and assigned a value.
- Following is the method that callouts the Web service.
- Below is the test class which tests web service callout in the mock callout mode. It calls the callEchoString method of above class and verifies that a mock response is received.
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